中国作为水资源匮乏的人口大国,农业发展和粮食安全关乎民生大计,因而有效开发利用水资源至关重要。一般而言,农产品生产的用水量较其他产品更高。近年来,中国与东盟国家间农产品贸易快速增长,中国藉此从后者输入了大量的虚拟水,一定程度上缓解了水资源供需矛盾和粮食安全压力。测算并分析中国—东盟农产品贸易所产生的虚拟水进出口量及其影响效应,可以为调整优化双边农产品贸易结构,合理开发利用境外水资源,缓解粮食安全压力, As a big country with a shortage of water resources, China’s development of agriculture and food security are all matters concerning people’s livelihood. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to effectively develop and utilize water resources. In general, agricultural products produce more water than other products. In recent years, the trade in agricultural products between China and the ASEAN countries has been rapidly growing. As a result, China imported a large amount of virtual water from the latter and, to some extent, eased the pressure on the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources and food security. Calculating and analyzing the amount of imported and exported virtual water produced by China-ASEAN agricultural products trade and its effect can help to adjust and optimize the trade structure of bilateral agricultural products, rationally develop and utilize external water resources, alleviate the pressure on food security,