与通常的哲学史看法不同,本文认为,希腊化罗马时代的斯多亚派并没有丧失对理论思考的兴趣。相反,它对于希腊“第一哲学”即所谓“存在论”做出了极富特色的贡献。一方面,它沿着亚里士多德路线前进,竭力恢复被赫拉克里特和柏拉图所动摇了的物化个体性存在,由于在这条路线上走到了极端,它给人以失去时间意识的绝对确定性追求的印象;另一方面,斯多亚派思想中又时时透露出赫拉克里特的辩证精神,不断突破凝滞固化的个体存在论。这两个方面之间的矛盾差异体现了斯多亚派哲学内在的护道学和自然宇宙洞见之间的张力。 Different from the usual philosophical history, this article argues that the Stalinists in the Hellenistic Roman era did not lose their interest in theoretical thinking. On the contrary, it made very distinctive contributions to Greece’s “first philosophy”, the so-called “existentialism.” On the one hand, it proceeded along the Aristotelian line and tried its utmost to restore the materialized individual existence that was shaken by Heraclitus and Plato. As it went to extremes on this route, it gave rise to a sense of loss of time On the other hand, the Stoianism reveals Heraclitus’s dialectical spirit from time to time, breaking through the solidified individualism. The discrepancy between these two dimensions reflects the tension between the inner Protector and the natural cosmology of the Stoic philosophy.