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目的探讨食管癌、胃癌术后早期肠内营养对患者机体恢复的影响。方法手术治疗的食管癌、胃癌患者64例分为营养组和对照组各32例,营养组于术中将肠内营养管置入十二指肠或空肠内,术后24小时予以肠内营养,维持7~10天,患者能较正常地口服营养液或进食半流饮食后停止;对照组于术后进行常规输液治疗,肠蠕动完全恢复,肛门排气后开始进食。分别于术前1日和术后7日测量患者体重,检测白蛋白、前白蛋白、血红蛋白,记录肛门排气时间,观察术后有无吻合口漏、肺部及术野感染、腹胀、腹痛等并发症。结果肛门排气时间营养组为(48±4)小时,对照组为(72±6)小时,差异有显著性意义(t=2.236,P<0.05);营养组术后胃肠功能恢复、体重维持等方面明显优于对照组。结论早期肠内营养有利于食管癌、胃癌术后胃肠功能的尽早恢复和患者体重的维持,减少并发症。
Objective To investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition on the recovery of patients with esophageal and gastric cancer. Methods 64 patients with esophageal cancer and gastric cancer undergoing surgical treatment were divided into nutrition group and control group, 32 cases in each group. In the nutrition group, enteral nutrition tube was placed into the duodenum or jejunum during operation, and enteral nutrition was given 24 hours after operation. After 7 to 10 days of maintenance, the patient could stop oral administration of nutrient solution or eat a half-stream diet. The control group received conventional infusion therapy after the operation. The peristalsis was fully restored and the anus was exhausted before starting to eat. The body weights of the patients were measured on the 1st and 7th days before operation. Albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin were measured. Anal exhaustion time was recorded. Postoperative anastomotic leakage, lung and operative infections, bloating, and abdominal pain were observed. Complications such as. Results The duration of anal exhausting time in the nutrition group was (48±4) hours, and that in the control group was (72±6) hours. The difference was significant (t=2.236, P<0.05); the recovery of gastrointestinal function and weight after the nutritional group were observed. Maintenance and other aspects were significantly better than the control group. [Conclusion] Early enteral nutrition is beneficial to the early recovery of gastrointestinal function and the maintenance of body weight in patients with esophageal cancer and gastric cancer, reducing complications.