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考察政府在标准化中的地位和作用,用开放世界的眼光,发现有标准化协会主导、政府主导和协会与政府合作治理三种范式。范式不同,标准化法的形式和重心也就各呈特色。中国作为政府主导型标准管理体制的国家,通过法律尤其是法规和规章,依法管理标准化活动,并主要依靠规划引领标准化的发展。所以,《标准化法》的修订是引人注目的重要制度变迁。政府标准形态的提出与确立,为标准化改革和《标准化法》修改,提供了新的分析框架;厘定政府标准的性质,则为政府标准改革和《标准化法》修改,提供了新的选择路径;而改变政府职能,则是政府标准改革乃至整个标准化工作改革成败的关键。以上述理论分析为支点,文章对《标准化法》(修订草案)第2、5、9、10、11条,提出了具体明确的修改意见,并重点讨论了强制性标准制度建构中的问题,供法律修改活动和进一步深化标准化改革参考。
Examining the status and role of government in standardization, using the vision of an open world, we found that there are three kinds of paradigms that are led by a standardized association, government-led, and the association and the government work together. Different paradigms, the form and focus of standardization law will also have their own characteristics. As a government-led standard management system, China, through its laws, especially laws and regulations and rules, manages its standardization activities in accordance with the law and relies mainly on its planning to lead the development of standardization. Therefore, the revision of the “Standardization Law” is an important institutional change that attracts attention. The establishment and establishment of government standard forms provide a new analytical framework for the standardization reform and the revision of the Standardization Law. Determining the nature of government standards provides a new alternative path for the reform of government standards and the revision of the Standardization Law. However, changing government functions is the key to the reform of the government standard and the reform of the entire standardization work. Taking the above theoretical analysis as a fulcrum, the article puts forward specific and specific opinions on amendments to Articles 2, 5, 9, 10 and 11 of the Standardization Law (Revised Draft), and focuses on the problems in the compulsory standard system construction. For law revision activities and to further deepen the standardization reform reference.