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权力是“在社会交往中一个行动者把自己的意志强加在其他行为者之上的可能性”(韦伯语)。因此,权力的基础是个人或组织的权威与力量,是外在作用的强制与暴力。换言之,权力大多操纵在掌握暴力机器的政府,以及严密组织起来的党派手上。当它可以不受限制地被运用的时候,往往呈现出无限扩张的异化倾向。因此,从近代到当代的伟大政治家、哲学家都告诫我们:权力既具有自我膨胀的天性,又具有将自己绝对化的倾向,必须将权力有效地约束起来。
Power is “the possibility that one actor imposes one’s own will upon other actors in social interaction” (Weber). Therefore, the basis of power is the authority and strength of individuals or organizations, and the external force and force. In other words, the power is mostly manipulated by the government that holds the machinery of violence and by the well-organized parties. When it can be used without restriction, it tends to exhibit the alienation tendency of infinite expansion. Therefore, from modern times to contemporary great statesmen and philosophers have warned us that power has the inherent nature of self-expansion and its tendency to be absolute. We must effectively bind power.