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目的了解广元市手足口病流行特征与手足口病病原构成情况,为手足口病防控提供科学依据。方法收集2007～2011年度广元市手足口病监测数据,用统计学方法对监测结果进行分析。采集194例手足口病临床诊断病例的疱疹液和/或咽拭子标本用Real time RT-PCR方法进行肠道病毒通用型(EV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CoxA16)病毒核酸检测。结果广元市2007～2011年共报告手足口病4421例,年均发病率30.02/10万,报告重症18例,死亡1例,发病以5岁以下儿童居多,3～7月份为发病高峰。病毒核酸检测阳性率76.29%,2010年Cox-A16阳性构成比65.22%,2011年EV71阳性构成比76.47%。疱疹液阳性率高于咽拭子,差异有统计学意义。结论近几年广元市手足口病发病水平较高,应采取综合措施加强防治,减少发病,加强病原监测及重症病例救治,降低病死率。2010年流行优势型别为CoxA16,2011年流行优势型别为EV71。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease and the composition of pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Guangyuan and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The monitoring data of hand, foot and mouth disease in Guangyuan City from 2007 to 2011 were collected, and the monitoring results were analyzed with statistical methods. A total of 194 cases of herpes simplex and / or throat swabs were collected for clinical diagnosis of hand, foot and mouth disease. Real-time RT-PCR was performed on enterovirus (EV), enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A Group 16 (CoxA16) virus nucleic acid detection. Results A total of 4421 cases of HFMD were reported in Guangyuan from 2007 to 2011, with an average annual incidence of 30.02 / 100 000. There were 18 severe cases reported and 1 died. The majority of children under 5 years of age were onset and the peak was from March to July. The detection rate of virus nucleic acid was 76.29%. In 2010, the positive ratio of Cox-A16 was 65.22%, and the positive ratio of EV71 in 2011 was 76.47%. Herpes fluid positive rate higher than throat swabs, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Guangyuan City has been relatively high in recent years. Comprehensive measures should be taken to strengthen prevention and treatment, reduce incidence, strengthen pathogen surveillance and treatment of severe cases, and reduce mortality. The prevailing 2010 model was CoxA16, and the 2011 model was EV71.