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[目的]研究蕉类果实发育过程中多酚含量及多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化,为蕉类果实加工原料的选择和工艺技术的改进及香蕉多酚的开发利用提供参考。[方法]于坐果后60、75、90、105、120d取样,测定果实的重量、多酚含量及PPO、POD活性。[结果]威廉斯蕉(Musa cavendishii L.,AAA基因型)、大蕉(M.sapientum L.,ABB基因型)、鸡蕉(M.paradisiaca L.,AAB基因型)和粉蕉(M.paradisiaca L.,ABB基因型)果实发育过程中,多酚含量及PPO、POD活性在果实发育初期都相对较高,而随着果实的发育逐渐下降,最后趋于稳定或稍有下降,且同一品种中PPO活性均明显高于POD活性。[结论]蕉类生产中疏果时废弃的幼果含有较多的蕉类多酚物质。因此,若要利用蕉类果实的多酚物质,宜选用幼果作为原料。以成熟的蕉类果实作为原料进行加工,有利于酶促褐变的控制。
[Objective] The study aimed to study the changes of polyphenol content and the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) during the fruit development of banana, the selection of processing raw materials for banana fruits and the improvement of technology, Provide a reference for the development and utilization. [Method] Samples were taken at 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120d after fruit setting, and the weight of fruit, polyphenol content and PPO and POD activities were measured. [Result] Musa cavendishii L. (AAA genotype), plantain (M. sapientum L., ABB genotype), M.paradisiaca L. (AAB genotype) and powder banana (M. paradisiaca L. and ABB genotypes), polyphenol contents and PPO and POD activities during fruit development were relatively high in the early fruit development stage, but decreased gradually with the development of fruit and finally stabilized or slightly decreased PPO activity in cultivars were significantly higher than POD activity. [Conclusion] The young fruits discarded in fruit thinning in banana production contained more banana polyphenols. Therefore, if you want to use the polyphenol material of banana fruits, you should choose young fruit as raw material. To mature banana fruits as raw materials for processing, is conducive to the control of enzymatic browning.