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目的 对田营镇的儿童生活环境监测和生物监测 ,探讨乡镇环境铅污染对当地儿童健康的影响。方法 对当地儿童生活环境中铅含量监测的同时 ,在 5所小学 95 9名 5～ 12岁的学生以及清洁对照区的 2 0 7名学生中开展了血铅、血锌原卟啉和牙齿铅的测定并进行了问卷调查 ,并分别对污染区和对照区的儿童进行了WISC R儿童智能发育及生长发育指标的检查测试。结果 污染区环境污染相当严重 ,大气中铅的日平均浓度为 0 .0 12 8mg/m3 ,超过国家卫生标准 8倍 ,超标率为 85 %。土壤铅平均含量 1.0 5 % ,为国家卫生标准的 10倍。主要农作物小麦铅平均含量为 9.6 3mg/kg高出国家卫生标准 2 4倍。污染区儿童血铅和锌原卟啉的平均浓度分别为 4 96 μg/L和9.4 1μg/gHb ,明显高于对照组儿童。污染区儿童韦氏智力测验结果明显低于对照组儿童 ,血铅水平与儿童语言智商、操作智商和总智商存在负相关关系。儿童体格生长也受到影响。结论 土法废旧蓄电池回收业严重污染了当地儿童的生长环境 ,对儿童的生长发育造成了严重的威胁。
Objective To monitor and monitor the living environment of children in Tianying Town, and to explore the impact of township environment lead pollution on local children’s health. Methods To monitor the lead content of local children’s living environment, blood lead, zinc protoporphyrin and dental lead were carried out among 207 pupils aged 5 to 12 years in 5 primary schools and 207 students in the clean control area The questionnaire survey was conducted and children in the contaminated area and control area were tested for the WISC R intelligent development and growth and development indicators. As a result, the environmental pollution in the polluted area was rather serious. The daily average concentration of lead in the atmosphere was 0.012 8 mg / m3, which exceeded the national health standard by 8 times and the exceeding standard rate was 85%. The average soil lead content of 1.05%, 10 times the national health standards. The average lead content of the main crop wheat is 9.6 3mg / kg, which is 24 times higher than the national health standard. The average concentrations of blood lead and zinc protoporphyrin in contaminated areas were 4 96 μg / L and 9.4 1 μg / g Hb, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group. The results of Wechsler intelligence test in children in the contaminated area were significantly lower than those in the control group. There was a negative correlation between blood lead level and children’s language IQ, operational IQ and total IQ. Children’s physical growth is also affected. Conclusion The waste battery recycling industry of Tufa seriously pollutes the growth environment of local children and poses a serious threat to children’s growth and development.