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采用新叶圆片法,研究了不同恒温(10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃)条件下马铃薯棉蚜的发育历期、存活率、生殖力及种群生命表参数。结果表明:棉蚜在马铃薯上的各龄历期和成蚜寿命及产仔期随温度的升高而缩短,世代历期、成蚜寿命和产仔期分别从10℃的17.72 d、53.03 d和26.18 d下降到30℃的4.77 d、14.60 d和6.84 d。完成1代需要的有效积温为110.84日度,发育起点温度为4.56℃。总产仔量在15℃-25℃范围内最高(63.29-69.36头),其次为10℃(40.00头);日均产仔量在25℃时最高(5.61头/日),其次为20℃(3.47头/日)和30℃(3.35头/日)。除在10℃时为Deevey-II型存活曲线外,在其它温度下均为Deevey-I型存活曲线。根据内禀增长率大小排序,25℃是马铃薯棉蚜生长发育、存活、繁殖及种群增长的最适温度,其后依次为30℃、20℃、15℃和10℃。
A new leaf disc method was used to study the developmental history, survival rate, fecundity and population life table parameters of potato aphids under different temperature (10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃ and 30 ℃). The results showed that the age of the aphids and the longevity of the adult aphids and the litter size of the aphids were shortened with the increase of temperature. The average age, the longevity of the aphids and the litter size were from 17.72 d and 53.03 d And 4.77 d, 14.60 d and 6.84 d, respectively, at 26.18 d and 30 ° C. The effective accumulated temperature needed to complete the first generation is 110.84 days, and the starting temperature of development is 4.56 ° C. The total litter size was the highest (63.29-69.36 heads) in the range of 15 ℃ -25 ℃, followed by 10 ℃ (40.00 heads), the average daily litter size was the highest (5.61 heads / day) at 25 ℃, followed by 20 ℃ (3.47 heads / day) and 30 ° C (3.35 heads / day). Except Deevey-II survival curve at 10 ° C, Deevey-I survival curve at other temperatures. According to the order of intrinsic rate of increase, 25 ℃ is the optimum temperature for growth, development, survival, reproduction and population growth of cotton aphids, followed by 30 ℃, 20 ℃, 15 ℃ and 10 ℃.