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分析了激光喷丸强度的表征机制,采用不同厚度的试片的弧高和表面残余应力对7050铝合金进行激光喷丸强度表征研究。弧高表征采用如下方法:试片冲击面尺寸(长×宽)为93 mm×10 mm,厚度分别为2.4、3.0、4.0、5.0 mm,吸收层采用铝箔,约束层采用流水,光斑的搭接率为30%,以激光作用在靶材的有效区域进行计算,夹持试片一端并采用U字形喷丸路径对试片中间规定区域进行喷丸。试验结果表明,激光喷丸强度可用试片弧高进行表征;不同厚度试片适合表征不同范围的激光喷丸强度,对于5～20 J的激光喷丸条件,选用2.4 mm试片较为合适;在能量为20～40 J激光喷丸条件下,4.0 mm试片应作为表征激光喷丸强度的优先选择;残余应力可以辅助试片弧高来表征激光喷丸强度。研究工作为7050铝合金激光喷丸强度表征提供了有效的方法,对激光喷丸质量控制具有重要的工程意义。
The mechanism of laser shot peening was analyzed. The laser shot peening of 7050 aluminum alloy was characterized by arc height and surface residual stress of different thickness specimens. The arc height characterization is as follows: The impact surface size (length × width) of the test piece is 93 mm × 10 mm, the thickness is 2.4, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 mm respectively, the aluminum foil is used for the absorption layer, the flowing layer is used for the constraint layer, Rate of 30%, the role of the laser in the effective area of the target calculated holding one end of the specimen and the use of U-shaped shot peening path specified in the middle region of the shot peening. The experimental results show that the laser shot peening intensity can be characterized by the specimen arc height; different thickness of the specimen suitable for characterizing different ranges of laser shot peening intensity, for the 5 ~ 20 J laser shot peening conditions, the choice of 2.4 mm specimen is more appropriate; The energy of 20 ~ 40 J laser peening conditions, 4.0 mm specimen should be used as the characterization of laser shot peening intensity of the preferred; residual stress can assist the specimen arc height to characterize the laser shot peening intensity. The research work provides an effective method for characterizing laser shot peening of 7050 aluminum alloy and has important engineering significance for laser shot peening quality control.