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为探索石膏矿采空区顶板冒落灾害形成及演化过程中的微观动力学行为,以某危害型石膏矿为研究背景,选择“打气筒”模型进行了空场法采空区顶板冒落相似物理模拟试验,并利用高速摄像及纹影技术,直观地记录分析冲击气浪产生时流场在直线型、转弯型、独头式模型巷道处的传播规律及变化特性。结果表明,在直线型巷道内传播时,冲击气浪并非按直线传递,而是气浪前端阵面会发生回转,与气浪尾部和后续的气浪叠加、交混,一起向前传递。在转弯型巷道中,冲击气浪传播至巷道转弯处时,气浪会马上在此改变传播方向,开始沿着转弯方向,向巷道出口传播。当气浪完全通过此处后,由于巷道围岩和空气的阻力,冲击气浪前端部分气流又会回流至此,进行二次破坏。在独头式巷道中传播时,由于巷道一端封合密闭,气体无法涌出,气浪无法在独头巷道中顺利向前传递,而是与巷道中的气浪相互叠加、碰撞,持续地、无规则地流动。
In order to explore the micro-dynamic behavior during the formation and evolution of the roof gob disaster in the gob of the gypsum mine, taking a hazard gypsum mine as the research background, the model of “pump” Similar physical simulation experiments are carried out, and the propagation and variation characteristics of the flow field at the straight, turn and single head model tunnels are intuitively recorded and analyzed by using high-speed camera and grain image technology. The results show that, when propagating in a straight roadway, the impinging air waves are not transmitted in a straight line, but the front of the air waves will rotate, and the tail of the air waves and the subsequent air waves will be superimposed and mixed together to be transmitted forward together. In turning laneway, when the impact air wave spreads to the turn of the laneway, the airwave will change the direction of propagation here and begin to follow the turning direction and spread to the exit of the laneway. After the gas wave completely passes through here, due to the resistance of surrounding rock and air in the roadway, the front part of the impingement air wave will flow back to this place for secondary destruction. When propagating in the solitary roadway, the gas can not flow out due to the airtight seal at one end of the roadway. The airwave can not be smoothly transmitted forward in the single roadway, but overlaps with the air waves in the roadway, collides with each other continuously, Irregularly flowing.