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自1943年Kanner首次提出“自闭症”一词时起便发现该群体存在注意障碍。随着认知信息加工取向研究的盛行,研究者更倾向于从领域一般性角度来研究自闭症谱系障碍患者的注意问题。选择性注意作为注意的一个重要方面,成为自闭症谱系障碍领域的研究热点。文章在对文献资料进行梳理的基础上,介绍了一些关于自闭症谱系障碍患者选择注意的研究,并重点介绍了知觉负载理论框架下的新成果。最后,对自闭症谱系障碍患者选择性注意的研究进行了小结,并对新框架下的研究进行了展望。
Since Kanner first proposed the term “autism” in 1943, he discovered that there was attention deficit in this group. With the prevalence of processing orientation of cognitive information, researchers are more inclined to study the attention problems of patients with autism spectrum disorders from the perspective of general field. Selective attention as an important aspect of attention has become a hot topic in the field of autism spectrum disorders. On the basis of reviewing the literature, this paper introduces some studies on the selection of patients with autism spectrum disorders and focuses on the new achievements under the framework of perceptual load theory. Finally, we summarize the studies of selective attention in patients with autism spectrum disorders and prospect the research under the new framework.