“人”是军事活动的核心,决定着战场军事行动的成败。美军2006年首次提出“人效能优化”和“部队全面强健”的概念框架,将军人“身体健康”的概念扩展到医疗、营养、社会、行为、环境、心理、精神、身体等8个方面。“人效能优化”的目标是通过优化“人”各方面的效能,提升军人和部队作业能力,实现“部队全面强健”。本文简要介绍了美军目前在“人效能优化”领域使用的生理、营养、心理、认知、环境、睡眠和疼痛等方面评估指标的内容、发展现状和存在问题。 “People ” is the core of military activities, determining the success or failure of military operations on the battlefield. In 2006, the U.S. military first proposed the conceptual framework of “optimizing human performance” and “comprehensive and robust forces” to extend the notion of military health to nutrition, social, behavioral, environmental, psychological, spiritual, 8 aspects of the body. The goal of “human performance optimization” is to upgrade the capabilities of military personnel and troops by optimizing the effectiveness of “people” and achieve “full strength and strength of the troops.” This article briefly introduces the content, current status and existing problems of the US military’s assessment of indicators such as physiology, nutrition, psychology, cognition, environment, sleep and pain as used in the field of “human performance optimization”.