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本文评析了巴赫金以对话为核心的美学与文化理论,以及巴赫金理论对当代西方文论的深远影响,认为巴赫金关于历史转型时期的文化理论,具有广泛的包容性和开放性,既宏观又微观,结合了“历史与美学的思考”。巴赫金对文学本文作的语言结构和形式的意识形态分析,是对马克思主义文艺学方法的重要发展。巴赫金理论主要包括:复调、语言杂多、狂欢化现象;自我与他者的对话和主体性建构;言谈与意识形态的关系。对话主义不仅是对转型期文化的不确定、未完成性的一种理论概括,而且提供了思索、把握当代文化的历史视界。
This article analyzes Bakhtin’s dialogues as the core of aesthetics and culture theory, as well as Bakhtin’s theory of contemporary Western literary theory has far-reaching impact, that Bakhtin’s cultural theory of historical transition period, with a wide range of inclusive and open, both macro And microscopic, a combination of “history and aesthetics thinking.” Bakhtin’s ideological analysis of the linguistic structure and form of this literary text is an important development of the methodology of Marxist literary theory. Bakhtin’s theory mainly includes: polyphony, linguistic heterogeneity and carnivalization; dialogue and subjectivity construction of self and others; and the relationship between speech and ideology. Dialogue is not only a theoretical summary of the uncertain and unfinished nature of the transitional culture, but also provides a ponder and grasp of the historical horizon of contemporary culture.