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利用探地雷达(Ground Penetration Radar,GPR)调查冰川冰内结构和冰层厚度是一种监测冰川变化常用手段。应用麦克斯维(Maxwell)方程的二维时域有限差分(FDTD)方法,通过将模拟图像与老虎沟12号冰川的实测图像的对比,分析了雷达剖面中的几种反射特征,如冰裂隙、融洞、暖冰等。对比结果表明,GPR的反射图像会受到诸多因素的影响,除了介电常数,还包括介质的厚度,形态,粗糙度等因素的影响。探测结果表明,具有极大陆型特征的老虎沟12号冰川的局部的冰内温度呈现出较高的态势。同时,FDTD模拟也为我们未来利用GPR来监测冰川随气候的变化提供了很好的分析手段。
Using Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) to investigate glacial ice structure and ice thickness is a common means of monitoring glacial changes. Based on the Maxwell’s two-dimensional finite difference time-domain (FDTD) method and by comparing the simulated image with the measured image of No 12 Glacier in Laoguogou, several reflection characteristics of the radar profile, such as ice fracture , Melt hole, warm ice and so on. The comparison results show that the GPR reflection image will be affected by many factors, in addition to the dielectric constant, including the thickness of the medium, morphology, roughness and other factors. The results show that the local ice temperature in No. 12 glacier with a great continental characteristic shows a higher tendency. At the same time, the FDTD simulation also provides a good analysis method for our future use of GPR to monitor glacial changes with the climate.