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【目的】日本双棘长蠹Sinoxylon japonicum是一种重要的林木蛀干害虫。该虫自1981年首次报道于云南昆明以来,先后在中国的10多个省市被发现。近年来该害虫在北京、天津和河北等地对国槐Sophora japonica的危害日趋严重。【方法】在本研究中,作者按时间顺序梳理了日本双棘长蠹在中国的分布记录,根据日本双棘长蠹已有分布记录及其主要寄主植物国槐在我国的种植区域采用了Maxent和GARP两种生态位模型对日本双棘长蠹的潜在地理分布进行分析。【结果】日本双棘长蠹在中国南方地区呈零星分布,而在中国北方地区较为集中。分布记录的报道时间呈现出由南向北和自东向西的局势,推测这种分布格局是由于其寄主植物所导致的:中国北方地区危害严重可能与国槐在中国北方的集中种植有关,寄主树苗在不同地区间的调运是其种群扩散主要原因。基于生态位模拟的结果显示日本双棘长蠹在中国具有较大的适宜生态空间,潜在地理分布范围较广,从北到南其适生区主要有:辽宁西部、北京、天津、宁夏、河北、山西南部、山东、陕西、江苏、安徽、湖北、重庆、浙江、江西、湖南以及四川和贵州西北部。【结论】这些地区间的树苗转运需要做好检验检疫工作,以防止日本双棘长蠹的扩散。
【Objective】 Sinoxylon japonicum is an important wood borer pest. The insect was first reported in Kunming in Yunnan in 1981 and has been discovered in more than 10 provinces and cities in China. In recent years, the pests have become more and more harmful to Sophora japonica in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. 【Method】 In this study, the authors combed the distribution records of S. japonicus in China in chronological order. According to the existing distribution records of S. japonicus and its main host plant, Sophora japonica, in China’s growing area, Maxent And GARP two kinds of niche models of the potential geographical distribution of Anodon japonicus. 【Result】 The results showed that S. japonicus showed sporadic distribution in southern China and concentrated in northern China. Distribution records reported time from south to north and from east to west situation, suggesting that this distribution pattern is due to its host plant caused by: the serious harm in northern China may be related to the centralized planting of Sophora japonica in northern China, Host saplings in different regions of the transfer is the main reason for the spread of their populations. Based on the results of the ecological niche simulation, the Japanese snakehead snakehead beetle has a large suitable ecological space in China, and its potential geographical distribution is quite wide. From north to south, its suitable areas mainly include western Liaoning, Beijing, Tianjin, Ningxia, Hebei , Southern Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and Sichuan and Guizhou northwest. 【Conclusion】 The saplings in these areas need to be tested and quarantined to prevent the spread of S. japonicus.