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人的姓名,古今中外皆有之,然而在中国古代并非人人都有,特别是古代中国的妇女,因其社会地位低下,甚至连应有的名字都没有,或指称其排行,或从夫姓,即使是豪门贵族也不例外。当然也有攀附名门而提及娘家姓者,如“新妇小娘子即[ ](今)河西节度使谯郡曹尚书长女”(85窟)(以下仅标窟号数,略一“窟”字)。从这一题记中,我们仅知此新妇为曹尚书的长女。当然是姓“曹”,而本人的名字却不得而知。尽管如此,敦煌石窟的供养人题记给我们留下了很多的线索,本文拟就此问题从称谓和名字的类别这两方面来考察。不妥、不足之处,敬请读者指教。
However, in ancient China, not all people, especially those in ancient China, had low social status and did not even have the proper names, Surname, even the giants nobility is no exception. Of course, there are also mentions surnamed Mencius mentioned, such as “the bride and the young woman that is [] (now) Hexi Jiedushi Jue County Cao Shangshu elders” (Cave 85) (The following only cave number, a slightly “cave” word). From this inscription, we only know that this bride is the eldest daughter of Cao Shangshu. Of course, is surnamed Cao, but my name is unknown. In spite of this, we have left many clues on the donation of Dunhuang Grottoes. This article intends to examine this issue from the aspects of the title and the category of the name. Inappropriate, inadequate, please advise readers.