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抗寒育种是核桃品种选育中的一个重要问题。本文对引自意大利罗马果树研究所的１５个核桃品种中的２９个品系的研究显示：品种间的单叶重差异较大，最重者是Ｆｒａｎｑｕｅｔｅ和Ｓｅｒｅｎｔｏ。对叶片细胞结构紧密度（ＣＴＲ）观察表明：品种间存在极显著差异。最高者为Ｃｏｒｎｅ品种的三个品系，它们的ＣＴＲ＞５０％；Ｆｒａｎｑｕｅｔｅ则居中（ＣＴＲ＝４０％～５０％）；Ｆｒａｎｑｕｅｔｅ则居中（ＣＴＲ＝４０％～５０％）；而Ｔｅｈａｒｍａ为最低（ＣＴＲ＜４０％）。叶片细胞膜透性（ＣＭＰ）观察表明：抗寒性较强的品种中，ＣＭＰ值差别较小；反之，则较大。数年的观察发现：细胞膜透性与品种抗寒性呈显著正相关，而细胞结构紧密度则与品种抗寒性呈显著负相关。这两项指标可以作为核桃品种抗寒性鉴定的预选指标。
Cold hardiness breeding is an important issue in the breeding of walnut varieties. This study of 29 lines of 15 walnut cultivars quoted from the Rome Institute of Pomology, Rome, shows that single-leaf weights vary widely among varieties, with the highest being Franquete and Serento. Observation of leaf cell structural compactness (CTR) showed that there were significant differences among varieties. The highest was the three strains of the Corne breed, with CTR> 50%; Franquete (CTR = 40% -50%); Franquete (CTR = 40% -50%); Teharma (CTR < 40%). The observation of leaf plasma membrane permeability (CMP) showed that among the varieties with higher cold resistance, the difference of CMP value was smaller; on the contrary, it was larger. A few years of observation found that there was a significant positive correlation between cell membrane permeability and cold tolerance of the cultivars, while the tightness of cell structure was negatively correlated with the cold tolerance of cultivars. These two indicators can be used as a pre-selected indicators of identification of walnut cold hardiness.