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二十一世纪是一个科学技术和社会文明迅速发展的时代,在科学技术研究上更是一个历史性的发展期。目前,世界科学研究的主要分析对象是环境、生命以及材料等方面。化学生物传感器是一种利用某种生物活性材料为传感介质用作化学修饰电极,具有装置简单、价格实惠,反应灵敏等优点的电化学技术。它完美地结合了生命科学和材料科学的特性,给生物医学、环境监测以及军事建设等领域的科研带来了一个新的突破。本文首先介绍了一些新化学生物传感介体及传感器的种类,然后针对其比较具有代表性种类进行检测理论和分析方法的简述。
The 21st century is an era of rapid development of science, technology and social civilization. It is also a historical period of development in science and technology. At present, the main analysis objects of the world’s scientific research are environment, life and materials. The chemical biosensor is a kind of electrochemical technique that uses some kind of bioactive material as the sensing medium for the chemical modification of the electrode, has the advantages of simple device, low cost and high sensitivity. It perfectly combines the features of life science and material science, and brings a new breakthrough to scientific research in the fields of biomedicine, environmental monitoring and military construction. In this paper, we firstly introduce the types of new chemical biosensors and sensors, and then give a brief introduction of the detection theories and methods for their representative species.