民国时期 ,教师已成为一个相对独立的新兴职业群体。教师的经济和社会地位 ,直接关系教师群体之素质 ,并大体上反映一个国家及其社会对教育的重视程度。本文从生活史的角度 ,对二十世纪二三十年代小学教师的薪水及其生活状况进行了考察 ,认为这一时期小学教师待遇不仅非常低微 ,而且差异亦极为悬殊 ,由此制约了当时小学教师专业素质的提高 ,影响着教师职业的稳定性 ,形成小学教师队伍的人才逆淘汰现象。而这恰恰是当时中国政治、经济、社会等诸多因素共同作用的结果。 During the Republic of China, teachers had become a relatively independent new occupational group. The economic and social status of teachers has a direct bearing on the quality of teacher groups and generally reflects the emphasis placed on education by a country and its society. This article, from the perspective of life history, examines the salaries and living conditions of primary school teachers in the 1920s and 1930s. It considers that the treatment of primary school teachers in this period is not only very low but also greatly disparities, thus restricting the primary school teachers The improvement of the professional quality of teachers affects the stability of teachers’ occupation, and the formation of a reverse phase-out of talent in primary school teachers ranks. This is precisely the result of the joint action of many factors such as politics, economy and society in China at that time.