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为解决嫁接厚皮甜瓜含糖量下降的问题,以自根厚皮甜瓜和嫁接厚皮甜瓜为试材,探讨了不同浓度硝酸钙处理对嫁接厚皮甜瓜糖代谢的影响。结果显示:叶面喷施不同浓度硝酸钙对嫁接厚皮甜瓜果实糖含量的影响程度不同。与嫁接对照相比,0.5%硝酸钙处理显著增加了嫁接厚皮甜瓜果实发育后期(处理后14～42d)的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖含量,降低了棉籽糖和水苏糖含量,提高了肌醇半乳糖含量;0.2%和0.8%硝酸钙处理虽也在一定程度上影响着可溶性糖含量,但影响程度低于0.5%硝酸钙处理;处理21d后,3个浓度的硝酸钙处理均极显著增加了果实中总糖含量,且0.5%硝酸钙处理还极显著增加了淀粉含量;但与自根对照相比,0.5%硝酸钙处理的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、淀粉和总糖含量仍未能增加至自根厚皮甜瓜水平。从果实的蔗糖代谢及半乳糖代谢相关酶来看,与嫁接对照相比,叶面喷施不同浓度的硝酸钙均显著或极显著的增加果实发育中期(处理后14～28d)酸性转化酶、碱性α-半乳糖苷酶和果实发育中后期(处理后28～42d)蔗糖磷酸合成酶的活性,但对于中性转化酶和蔗糖合成酶活性影响不显著;与自根对照相比,0.5%硝酸钙处理的酸性转化酶活性未达到自根对照水平,蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性大幅提升,与自根对照差异不显著。结果表明:与嫁接对照相比,叶面喷施不同浓度硝酸钙均可不同程度提高嫁接厚皮甜瓜果实淀粉、总糖、葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖含量及其果实发育前中期的酸性转化酶、碱性α-半乳糖苷酶和果实发育中后期的蔗糖磷酸合成酶等糖代谢相关酶活性,其中0.5%硝酸钙处理效果最佳,增加了果实发育中后期蔗糖含量,具有改善嫁接厚皮甜瓜果实品质的作用。
In order to solve the problem of the decrease of sugar content in grafted muskmelon, self-rooted muskmelon and grafted muskmelon were used as materials to investigate the effects of different concentrations of calcium nitrate on sugar metabolism of grafted muskmelon. The results showed that foliar application of different concentrations of calcium nitrate had different effects on sugar content in grafted melon. Compared with the grafted control, 0.5% calcium nitrate treatment significantly increased fructose, glucose and sucrose content, reduced raffinose and stachyose content and increased myo-inositol content in late-developing grafted muskmelon (14-42 d after treatment) The content of galactose of 0.2% and 0.8% calcium nitrate also affected soluble sugar content to a certain extent, but the degree of influence was less than 0.5% of calcium nitrate treatment. After the treatment for 21 days, the three concentrations of calcium nitrate significantly increased 0.5% calcium nitrate treatment also significantly increased the starch content; however, 0.5% calcium nitrate treated fructose, glucose, sucrose, starch and total sugar content failed to increase compared to the control To the self-rooted muskmelon level. In terms of sucrose metabolism and galactose metabolism-related enzymes, foliar sprayed with different concentrations of calcium nitrate significantly or very significantly increased the acid invertase, Alkaline α-galactosidase activity and sucrose phosphate synthase activity in the middle and late fruit development stage (28 ~ 42 days after treatment), but had no significant effect on the activities of neutral invertase and sucrose synthase. Compared with the control % Calcium nitrate treated acid invertase activity did not reach the level of self-root control, sucrose phosphate synthase activity increased significantly, and no significant difference from the self-root control. The results showed that foliar sprayed with different concentrations of calcium nitrate increased the content of starch, total sugar, glucose, fructose and sucrose and the content of acid invertase and alkali in fruit of grafted muskmelon compared with the grafted control A-galactosidase and sucrose phosphate synthase in the middle and later stages of fruit development. Among them, 0.5% calcium nitrate had the best treatment effect, which increased the content of sucrose in the middle and late stages of fruit development, The role of quality.