本文对1987～1988年我院收治的41例肺下叶结核院外误诊的原因进行了分析。分析结果,多数将肺下叶結核误诊为肺炎(43.9％)、肺脓肿(36.6％)、支气管感染(12.2％),支气管扩张(7.3％)。肺下叶结核并非罕见,其主要原因在于医生对其认识不足,单纯以X线改变下诊断。作者认为,X线检查结合痰结核菌检查和结核菌素试验,可减少误诊。 This article from 1987 to 1988 admitted to our hospital 41 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis misdiagnosis of the reasons were analyzed. The results of the analysis, the majority of pulmonary tuberculosis misdiagnosed as pneumonia (43.9%), lung abscess (36.6%), bronchial infection (12.2%), bronchiectasis (7.3%). Pulmonary tuberculosis is not uncommon, the main reason is that doctors do not know enough about it, simply to change under the X-ray diagnosis. The authors believe that X-ray examination combined with sputum TB test and tuberculin test can reduce the misdiagnosis.