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近年来,随着电化学生物传感器的发展,生物传感器在基因诊断、环境监测、药物研究等领域已经广泛应用,关于提高生物传感器的灵敏度和选择性、优化检测方法的研究也越来越受到大家的关注。本文介绍了电化学生物传感器的原理及组成,着重综述生物敏感膜的制备、纳米材料和石墨烯在提高检测灵敏度方面的应用,以及生物传感器在临床诊断和指导临床治疗方面的应用前景。
In recent years, with the development of electrochemical biosensors, biosensors have been widely used in the fields of gene diagnosis, environmental monitoring, drug research and so on, and the research on optimizing the sensitivity and selectivity of biosensors has also been increasingly accepted by everyone s concern. In this paper, the principle and composition of electrochemical biosensor are introduced. The preparation of bio-sensitive membrane, the application of nanomaterials and graphene to improve the detection sensitivity, and the application prospects of biosensors in clinical diagnosis and clinical treatment are highlighted.