目的了解农村居民对社区卫生服务站的利用现状,探讨影响居民对社区卫生服务站需求的因素,为卫生部门提高农村社区卫生服务质量提供决策参考。方法 2014年3—7月随机抽取某市实施城镇化示范乡镇建设的5个乡镇,以方便抽样的方式选取调查对象面对面调查,变量间相关性采用等级相关分析,因子分析采用主成分分析法提取初始因子,方差最大法进行正交旋转获取新的共性因子,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果农村居民对社区卫生服务站的总体利用率偏低,社区卫生服务站的硬件条件、居民健康状况、居民的素质和家庭条件、自付医疗费的数目、就诊的距离这五个方面是影响居民到社区卫生服务站就医的主要因素。结论围绕农村社区卫生服务站的功能,以主要影响因素为着力点,提高社区卫生服务站利用率,保障农村居民的健康。 Objective To understand the utilization of community health service stations by rural residents and to explore the factors influencing residents’ demand for community health service stations and provide reference for the health sector to improve the quality of rural community health services. Methods From March to July 2014, 5 townships and towns in the urbanization demonstration township construction in a certain city were randomly selected. Face-to-face investigation was conducted by means of convenient sampling. The correlations among variables were analyzed by using rank correlation analysis. Factor analysis was used to extract principal component analysis Initial factor and maximum variance method for orthogonal rotation to obtain a new common factor, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The overall utilization rate of rural residents to community health service stations was low, and the hardware conditions of community health service stations, residents ’health conditions, residents’ quality and family conditions, the number of medical expenses paid and the distance to visit were affected Residents to community health service station for medical treatment of the main factors. Conclusion Focusing on the functions of rural community health service stations, the main influencing factors are focused on, improving the utilization rate of community health service stations and ensuring the health of rural residents.