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针对我国黄河流域及西北地区河流含沙量大、喷灌机具容易磨损的特点,为了制定喷灌水源的含沙量标准,本文对两种常用中压喷头进行了耐磨试验研究。根据在4种常见含沙量水流下的试验结果,找出了喷头流量变化率、喷嘴磨损量、喷嘴尺寸变化同水源含沙量大小及磨损时间之间的关系。通过对水源泥沙处理措施及费用的调查研究,从工程经济方面分析,在国内首先提出了常用喷头的喷灌水源含沙量允许值。研究成果对多泥沙河流地区经济、合理地规划设计喷灌工程具有一定指导作用,对充实完善现有《喷灌工程技术规范》有重大参考价值。
In order to make the sediment concentration standard of sprinkler water source in our country, the Yellow River Basin and northwestern China have a large amount of sediment and the irrigation equipment is easy to be worn. In this paper, two kinds of common medium pressure spray nozzles were tested. According to the test results under four kinds of common sediment flow, the relationship between the change rate of nozzle flow rate, nozzle wear and nozzle size and the sediment concentration of water source and the wear time were found out. Through the investigation and study on the treatment measures and costs of water and sediment, from the engineering economics analysis, the allowable value of the water content of the sprinkler irrigation sources of common sprinklers is first proposed in China. The research results have some guidance to economic and rational planning and design of sprinkler irrigation projects in the multi-sediment rivers and have important reference value for enriching and perfecting existing “sprinkler irrigation engineering specifications”.