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采用成形极限图准则和韧性断裂准则两个数值准则对6061铝合金的成形特征进行预测。将数值模拟结果与实验所得成形极限图和冲头力-位移图进行对比。采用Hecker半圆形冲头计算实验成形极限图。将实验成形极限图转化为成形极限应力图并导入Abaqus软件中对样品的缩颈进行预测。将成形极限应力图预测结果与实验所得成形极限应力图进行比较。结果表明,韧性断裂准则对6061铝合金成形极限图和成形极限应力图的预测精度较高。冲头的力-位移图模拟结果和实验结果对比表明模拟结果和实验结果吻合。
Forming characteristics of 6061 aluminum alloy are predicted by two numerical criteria: forming limit map and ductile fracture criterion. The results of numerical simulation are compared with those obtained by the experiment. Hecker semicircular punches were used to calculate the experimental forming limit map. The experimental shaping limit map is converted to a Formed Ultimate Stress Map and imported into Abaqus software to predict necking of the sample. The predicted result of forming limit stress graph is compared with that of experimentally obtained forming limit stress graph. The results show that the prediction accuracy of ductile fracture criterion is good for 6061 Al alloy forming limit map and forming limit stress map. The simulation results of the force-displacement diagram of the punch and the experimental results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.