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光合作用是植物干物质积累的重要过程,作物产量主要通过光合作用实现。为比较不同灌溉模式下甘蔗光合特性差异,探明其主要影响因素,以柳城05-136号为试验甘蔗品种,于2015年3月-12月在广西崇左市江州区试验基地开展6种灌溉模式甘蔗净光合速率及主要环境因子的田间观测。结果表明:地埋滴灌甘蔗净光合速率最高,平均值为29.23μmol/m2·s,无灌溉最低,为18.53μmol/m2·s,地埋滴灌分别比无灌溉、管灌、喷灌、微喷和地表滴灌高57.74%、23.54%、12.68%、9.68%和2.56%,灌溉能显著提高甘蔗的光合速率(P<0.05)。通径分析结果显示,土壤含水率、空气温度和土壤肥力是影响甘蔗净光合速率的主要环境因子,但各灌溉模式之间主要影响因子存在差异,无灌溉和地埋滴灌土壤肥力的影响较为显著,地表滴灌则是土壤含水率和速效氮的影响较为显著,管灌模式主要影响因子为土壤速效钾和空气温度,而喷灌和微喷模式的主要影响因子均为土壤含水率和空气温度。采用地埋滴灌模式更有利于研究区域甘蔗净光合速率的提升,此外,针对不同灌溉模式的主要影响因子进行合理调控可有效提高甘蔗净光合速率,从而提高甘蔗产量。
Photosynthesis is an important process of plant dry matter accumulation, crop yield is mainly achieved through photosynthesis. In order to compare the different photosynthetic characteristics of sugarcane under different irrigation patterns and to find out the main influencing factors, Liuzhou 05-136 was used as the experimental sugarcane variety. Six species Field observations of net photosynthetic rate and main environmental factors in sugarcane under irrigation. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of landfill drip irrigation was the highest with an average value of 29.23μmol / m2 · s, the lowest irrigation rate was 18.53μmol / m2 · s, Irrigation could significantly increase the photosynthetic rate of sugarcane (P <0.05). The results showed that irrigation could significantly increase the photosynthetic rate of sugarcane by 57.74%, 23.54%, 12.68%, 9.68% and 2.56% respectively. Path analysis showed that soil moisture, air temperature and soil fertility were the main environmental factors affecting the net photosynthetic rate of sugarcane, but the main influencing factors differed among different irrigation modes, and the effects of non-irrigated and buried fertigation on soil fertility were significant , And surface drip irrigation is more significant than soil available water and available nitrogen. The main factors affecting irrigation and micro-irrigation are soil available potassium and air temperature. The main influencing factors of sprinkler irrigation and micro-jetting are soil moisture content and air temperature. In addition, the use of land-drip irrigation mode is more conducive to the study of net photosynthetic rate of sugarcane in the study area. In addition, the rational control of the main influencing factors in different irrigation modes can effectively increase the net photosynthetic rate of sugarcane and increase the yield of sugarcane.