从80年代初开始,西方发达国家的企业破产数急剧增加,企业倒闭的主要原因并不是缺乏盈利能力,而是偿付能力不足.在所有宣告破产的企业中,70%以上是由于偿付能力的丧失而导致破产的,这一严酷的事实促使西方的经济理论界与企业对偿付能力的问题给予了巨大的关注. Since the early 1980s, the number of corporate bankruptcies in Western developed countries has increased dramatically. The main reason for business failures is not the lack of profitability, but the lack of solvency. More than 70% of all declared bankruptcies are due to the loss of solvency. The harsh facts that led to bankruptcy have given great impetus to the issue of the solvency of the western economic theorists and companies.