集体主义是社会主义道德和共产主义道德的基本原则,是调节社会主义社会和共产主义社会个人与社会集体之间关系的重要“调节器”,是社会主义社会一代新人的品德核心。要准确而全面地理解集体主义,就必须理解个人与集体、集体利益与个人利益以及集体主义与个人主义等问题。个人与集体马克思说过:“人是最名副其实的动物,不仅是一种合群的动物,而且是只有在社会中才能独立的动物。”(《马克思恩格斯全集》第12卷,第734页。)有生命的人类个体的存在,是人 Collectivism is the basic principle of socialist morality and communist morality. It is an important “regulator” that regulates the relations between the individual and the social collective of the socialist society and the communist society. It is the core of the moral character of the new generation of the socialist society. To understand collectivism accurately and comprehensively, we must understand issues such as individual and collective, collective interests and personal interests as well as collectivism and individualism. Individuals and Collectives Marx said: “Man is the most veritable animal, not only a herd of animals, but also an animal that can only be independent in society.” (The Complete Works of Marx and Engels, volume 12, p. 734.) The existence of a living human being is human