虚词是学习古汉语的一大难关，而在虚词中，语气词又占相当大的比例。例如《古文观止》选自《左传》的三十四篇短文就用了四百多个语气词，虽然这些语气词的功用各各不同，但它们都是“去之则言语不足，加之则章句获全”。许多语法书都力求对语气词的功用进行科学的归纳，但各家 Function words are a major difficulty in learning ancient Chinese, and in function words, tone words account for a considerable proportion. For example, the “Gu Wen Gu Zhi” is selected from the 34 passages of “Zuo Zhuan” and uses more than 400 modal particles. Although the functions of these modal particles are different, they are all “inadequate” The chapter was full ". Many grammar books strive to make a scientific summary of the functions of modal particles, but each