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目的分析广东省放射工作人员周围血淋巴细胞微核变化情况,评价低剂量受照人员的放射损伤状况。方法以本省2011年接受放射工作人员职业健康检查的1 188名人员为放射组(根据工作性质不同分为医用射线亚组和工业射线亚组),以同年进行岗前职业健康检查拟从事放射工作的182名健康成年人为对照组,2组均采用微量全血细胞培养法测定周围血淋巴细胞微核细胞率与微核率,分析比较检测结果。结果放射组微核细胞率和微核率(1.31‰和1.37‰)与对照组(1.18‰、1.25‰)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);男性放射工作人员的微核细胞率和微核率(1.27‰、1.32‰)与女性(1.40‰、1.47‰)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);医用射线亚组微核细胞率和微核率(1.36‰、1.42‰)均高于工业射线亚组(1.14‰、1.19‰),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);随放射作业工龄增加,放射工作人员微核细胞率和微核率均升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论本省放射工作人员的辐射防护工作初见成效,仍应加强对放射工作人员特别是医务人员的放射防护,保障其健康和安全。
Objective To analyze the changes of micronuclei of peripheral blood lymphocytes in radiation workers in Guangdong Province to evaluate the radiation injury of low-dose irradiated workers. Methods A total of 1 188 personnel receiving occupational health examinations for radiation workers in 2011 in our province as radiation group (divided into medical ray sub-group and industrial ray sub-group according to the nature of their work) and engaged in pre-service occupational health examination in the same year to engage in radiological work Of 182 healthy adults as control group, the two groups were using micro-whole blood cell culture method to determine the peripheral blood lymphocyte micronuclei rate and micronucleus rate, analysis and comparison test results. Results Compared with control group (1.18 ‰, 1.25 ‰), the rates of micronuclei and micronuclei (1.31 ‰ and 1.37 ‰) in radiotherapy group were not significantly different (P> 0.05). The number of micronucleated cells (1.27 ‰, 1.32 ‰) and female (1.40 ‰, 1.47 ‰), the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05); The rate of micronuclei in the radiation group and the rate of micronuclei (1.36 ‰ , 1.42 ‰) were higher than that of the industrial radiotherapy subgroup (1.14 ‰, 1.19 ‰), the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). With the increase of working age, the rates of micronuclei and micronuclei in radiation workers were all increased High, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion Radiation protection work of radioactive workers in the province has achieved initial success. The radiation protection of radiation workers, especially medical staff, should be strengthened to ensure their health and safety.