韩国语“-(■)”(客)和汉语“客”都经历了语法化的过程,在意义的衍生、泛化和功能的拓展方面既有相似之处,也有不同之处。韩国语的“-(■)”(客)现已语法化为构词后缀,而汉语的“客”则未能成为真正的后缀。由于各自语言的独特性,这两个语形衍生的意义和衍生的途径也有所不同。就衍生的意义及所形成的词汇而言,造成此有彼无的原因除了语言特殊性以外,还有不同文化带来的概念化差异和词汇中的先用现象。 Both Korean and Chinese have experienced the process of grammaticalization and have similarities and differences in the derivation of meaning, generalization and function expansion . Korean “ (-) ” (guest) is now grammaticalized into the suffix of the word, while Chinese “guest” is not a true suffix. Due to the uniqueness of their own languages, the meanings and derivations of these two linguistic forms are also different. In terms of the derived meanings and the formed words, apart from the particularity of the language, there are also the conceptual differences caused by different cultures and the preemptive phenomena in the vocabulary.