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目的 :采用光学相干断层扫描 (opticalcoherencetomography ,OCT)观察特发性黄斑裂孔 (idiopathicmacularhole,IMH)各期的图像特征及其演变过程。方法 :对 199只眼 (170例 ,其中 2 9例双眼患者 )IMH的OCT图像进行回顾性观察分析 ,进行随访观察。结果 :Ⅰ期裂孔 16只眼 (8% ) ,表现为黄斑中心凹视网膜不同程度的囊样变性 (75 % )或浅脱离 (15 % ) ;Ⅱ期裂孔 2 0只眼 (10 % ) ,OCT示黄斑中心凹旁中心破裂 (85 % )和中心破裂 (15 % ) ;Ⅲ期裂孔 12 1只眼 (6 1% ) ,表现为黄斑中心凹神经上皮层全层缺失 ;Ⅳ期裂孔、板层裂孔及双眼黄斑裂孔分别为 2 3只眼 (12 % )、19只眼 (10 % )、2 9只眼 (17% )。结论 :OCT图像对观察IMH各期特征及其演进过程具有重要的临床应用价值
OBJECTIVE: To observe the image characteristics and the evolution of idiopathic macular hole (IMH) at various stages by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: The OCT images of 199 eyes (170 cases, 29 cases of binocular) were retrospectively analyzed and followed up. Results: Sixteen eyes of stage Ⅰ (8%) showed cystic degeneration (75%) or shallow detachment (15%) with varying degrees of foveal retinaculum; 20 eyes of stage Ⅱ (10%) had OCT (85%) and central rupture (15%) in the foveal center, and 12 eyes (61%) in the stage Ⅲ cleft, which showed the absence of full-thickness foveal epithelium in the fovea. There were 23 eyes (12%), 19 eyes (10%) and 29 eyes (17%) in the fissures and macular holes, respectively. Conclusion: OCT images have important clinical value in observing the characteristics of IMH and its evolution