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目的开展宁夏回族自治区西吉县、海原县鼠疫疫源调查,掌握鼠疫疫源状况,制订预防鼠疫的措施。方法在西吉县红耀乡、火石寨乡、白崖乡、西滩乡、偏城乡、马建乡,海原县李俊乡采用鼠疫流行病学、生态学、动物昆虫学、细菌学、血清学等方法进行鼠疫疫源调查。结果共发现小型兽类2目4科6属10种,阿拉善黄鼠为该地区优势种群,平均密度为0.95只/hm2,单公顷最高为3只/hm2,主要分布在海拔1688～2366m的黄土高原亚区干草原地带;野外小型鼠捕获率为0.59%;体外寄生虫发现3目7科12属20种,其中蚤类3科5属8种,方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种为优势种,阿巴盖新蚤、细沟双蚤、无规新蚤和禽角叶蚤为常见种,似升额蚤介中亚种、红羊新蚤数量较少。细菌学检验399份,蚤培养161组1120只,血清学检测281份,反向间接血凝检测1份,结果均为阴性。结论细菌学和血清学检验检测虽未发现阳性结果,但经鼠疫流行病学分析,基本具备动物鼠疫流行条件,该地区是否存在鼠疫疫源地有待进一步调查研究。
Objective To carry out a survey of plague origin in Xiji County and Haiyuan County of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region to grasp the epidemic situation of plague and formulate the measures to prevent plague. Methods Epidemiology, ecology, entomology, bacteriology and serum were used in Hongyao Township, Huishizhai Township, Baiya Township, Xitan Township, Yicheng Township, Majian Township and Haiyuan County in Xiji County. Learn methods such as plague foci investigation. Results A total of 10 species of 2 genera, 4 families and 6 genera were found in the small mammals. The dominant species were Albizia giganticosus, with an average density of 0.95 per hectare and a maximum of 3 hectares per hectare per hectare, mainly distributed at an altitude of 1688 to 2366 m In the steppe subregion of the Loess Plateau, the capture rate of wild mice was 0.59%. There were 20 species of 3 genera, 7 families, 12 genera, 3 species, 5 genera and 8 species of fleas, and the dominant species , Ababa new flea, ravine double flea, random flea and avian leaf flea common species, like Asclepophilia intermedius, red sheep new flea less. 399 bacteriological tests, flea culture of 1120 in 161 groups, 281 serological tests, reverse indirect hemagglutination test 1, the results were negative. Conclusion Although there is no positive result in bacteriological and serological tests, epidemiological analysis of plague basically has epidemic conditions of animal plague and the existence of plague origin in this area needs further investigation.