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目的:探讨孕前及孕期体重的变化对产科并发症发生率的影响。方法 :回顾性分析800例产妇的一般资料,按照孕前体重指数标准分为4组,每组200例,A组为体重消瘦组,BMI<18.5;B组为体重正常组,18.5≤BMI<23;C组为体重超重组,23≤BMI<25;D组为体重肥胖组,BMI≥25。根据孕期的增重情况将所有患者分为3组,Ⅰ组260例,为体重增加<15 kg;Ⅱ组260例,为体重增加15～20 kg;Ⅲ组280例,为体重增加>20 kg。观察和比较组间产后并发症的发生情况。结果:C组、D组妊娠期糖尿病及产程阻滞发生率明显高于A组、B组(P<0.05);但A组发生率与B组比较,C组发生率与D组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);妊娠高血压、巨大儿、难产、剖宫产的发生率随着孕期体重的增加而上升(P<0.05);产后出血、新生儿窒息、新生儿黄疸、胎位窘迫的发生率则与孕期体重的增加无关(P>0.05)。结论:孕前及孕期的体重变化与产后并发症的发生有着密切的联系,应当予以重视,采取有效措施对孕前及孕期的体重增加进行适当的控制,能够有效地降低产后并发症的发生率,保障母婴生命安全,改善产妇妊娠结局。
Objective: To investigate the effect of changes in body weight before and during pregnancy on the incidence of obstetric complications. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 800 maternal general information, according to the pre-pregnancy body mass index standard is divided into four groups of 200 cases, A group of weight loss group, BMI <18.5; B group of normal weight group, 18.5 20 kg . Observe and compare the incidence of postpartum complications among the groups. Results: The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus and stage of block in group C and group D were significantly higher than those in group A and group B (P <0.05). However, the incidence of group A was significantly lower than that of group B The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, macrosomia, dystocia and cesarean section increased with weight gain during pregnancy (P <0.05); postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal jaundice, The incidence of fetal distress was not associated with increased body weight during pregnancy (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The change of body weight before and during pregnancy is closely related to the occurrence of postpartum complications. It should be taken seriously. Effective measures should be taken to control the weight gain before and during pregnancy, which can effectively reduce the incidence of postpartum complications and protect Maternal and child life safety, improve maternal pregnancy outcomes.