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[目的]运用计划行为理论建立初中生不良交通行为的危险因素调查问卷,并通过研究该问卷调查结果,分析相关危险因素,为有针对性地开展学生不良交通行为干预提供依据。[方法]采用分层整群抽样对1495名12~14岁初中生进行问卷调查,参考计划行为理论模型设计问卷,分析研究学生交通不良行为危险因素,运用logistic回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析验证,确定相关危险因素以及干预策略。[结果]本次调查中发生不良交通行为的学生占65.5%;有不良交通行为意向的学生占66.6%;本调查涉及的青少年交通规则的知晓程度、家长和学校对安全交通行为的规范要求以及学生自身对交通行为的自我控制等都是影响交通行为的因素,对安全的交通行为意向均呈正相关(P<0.01),行为意向与青少年的安全交通行为发生具有一致性正相关。[结论]本次研究中运用计划行为理论模型初步找出初中生不良交通行为危险因素,提示对于不良交通行为的干预,不能局限于单纯的知识和态度的改变,还要参考计划行为理论模型,通过针对性的主观规范和知觉行为控制相关因素的干预,形成良好的行为意向,从而达到行为改变的效果。
[Objective] The purpose of this study was to establish a questionnaire of risk factors for bad traffic behavior of junior high school students by using the theory of planned behavior. By analyzing the results of the questionnaire survey, the related risk factors were analyzed to provide basis for the targeted intervention of bad traffic behavior. [Methods] A stratified cluster sampling was used to survey 1495 junior middle school students aged 12-14 years. The questionnaire was designed with reference to the theoretical model of planned behavior to analyze and study the risk factors of students’ bad traffic behavior. The logistic regression model was used to do the univariate and multivariate analysis Verify, identify relevant risk factors, and intervention strategies. [Results] 65.5% of the students had bad traffic behavior in this survey; 66.6% students had the bad traffic behavior intention; the awareness of teenagers traffic rules involved in this survey; the norms of parents and schools for safe traffic behavior; and Students’ own self-control of traffic behavior and so on are all factors influencing traffic behavior, and are positively related to safe traffic behavior intention (P <0.01). Behavior intention is positively correlated with adolescent’s safety traffic behavior. [Conclusion] This study mainly used the theory of planned behavior to find out the risk factors of poor traffic behavior of junior high school students, suggesting that the intervention of bad traffic behavior should not be limited to the change of pure knowledge and attitude, but also to the theoretical model of planned behavior. Through targeted subjective norms and perceptual behavior control intervention related factors, the formation of a good behavioral intentions, so as to achieve the effect of behavioral change.