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为研究海洋附着细菌的群落结构及动态变化,在厦门近岸海区进行挂板实验.将无菌玻璃板浸没于海水中,连续放置14 d.分别于放置1 h和7、14 d后取玻璃板上附着生物样品.用细菌通用引物构建16S rRNA基因克隆文库,每个克隆文库随机挑选约40个克隆子测序,序列同源性分析和系统进化分析结果表明,所有的克隆子可分为六大类群:γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、α-变形菌纲(α-Proteobacteria)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)和真核硅藻类叶绿体,各类群分别占42.0%、4.5%、2.2%、2.2%、1.1%和45.0%.γ-变形菌纲变形斑沙雷氏菌(Serratia proteamaculans)为优势附着细菌,占测序克隆子的31.5%.这类细菌在1 h样品中的比例超过一半,说明变形斑沙雷氏菌在生物膜形成初期发挥着重要作用.随着挂板时间延长,检测到的细菌类群有所增加:附着7 d后检测到拟杆菌门细菌,附着14 d后检测到厚壁菌门细菌.γ-变形菌纲细菌所占比例随挂板时间的延长而逐渐降低,从挂板1 h的81%降至7 d的21%,14 d的18%.另外,在各阶段的附着样品中,都检测到较多的真核克隆子序列,约占16%～64%.本研究为进一步阐明海洋附着细菌的附着动态及其在生物膜形成过程中的作用奠定了基础.
In order to study the community structure and dynamic changes of marine-attached bacteria, pegboard experiment was carried out in the coastal area of Xiamen.The immersed glass plates were immersed in seawater for 14 days.After 1, 7 and 14 days of storage respectively, Biological samples were attached to the plate, 16S rRNA gene clone library was constructed by universal bacterial primers, and about 40 clones were randomly selected from each clone library. Sequence homology analysis and phylogenetic analysis showed that all clones could be divided into six Major groups: γ-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, α-Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and eukaryotic silicon Algae chloroplast, the groups accounted for 42.0%, 4.5%, 2.2%, 2.2%, 1.1% and 45.0%, respectively.Serratia proteamaculans was the dominant bacteria, accounting for cloned Of the total bacteria were 31.5% .The percentage of these bacteria in 1 h samples was more than half, indicating that S. moriformis plays an important role in the formation of biofilm.As the pegboard time prolonged, the number of bacterial groups detected increased: Bacteroides bacteria were detected after 7 days of attachment , And the number of F-gated bacteria was detected after 14 days of attachment.The proportion of γ-proteobacteria decreased gradually with the increase of hanging time, from 81% in hanging plate for 1 h to 21% in 7 d and 14 d 18% .In addition, more eukaryotic cloned subsequences were detected in the attached samples at different stages, accounting for about 16% -64% .In order to further clarify the adhesion dynamics of marine attached bacteria and its application in biofilms The role of the formation process laid the foundation.