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目的 :观察慢性酒精中毒大鼠腺垂体内分泌细胞超微结构变化 ;方法 :选用健康成年wistar大鼠 ,以 2 0 %白酒代替饮水 ,制备慢性酒精中毒模型。八周后断头处死 ,取腺垂体组织 ,常规制备超薄切片 ,铀 -铅染色 ,透射电镜观察。结果 :电镜下 :模型组较正常对照组各种内分泌细胞凋亡小体常见 ,细胞核大多变得不规则 ,异染色质团块增多。高尔基体减少 ,线粒体肿胀、嵴紊乱、消失甚至膜破裂。内质网扩张 ,分泌颗粒电子密度降低或低电子密度颗粒增多。结论 :慢性酒精中毒引起大鼠腺垂体内分泌细胞不同程度的超微病理改变 ,是造成中毒大鼠内分泌功能紊乱的直接原因。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of the ultrastructure of endocrine cells in the pituitary gland of rats with chronic alcoholism. Methods: Healthy adult wistar rats were selected and 20% liquor was used instead of drinking water to prepare chronic alcoholism model. After eight weeks, the rats were decapitated and the pituitary gland was removed. Ultrathin sections were prepared, uranium-lead staining and transmission electron microscope observation. Results: Under the electron microscope, the apoptotic bodies of endocrine cells in the model group were more common than those in the normal control group. Most of the nuclei became irregular and the number of heterochromatin increased. Reduced Golgi, mitochondria swelling, ridge disorders, disappearance and even rupture of membranes. Endoplasmic reticulum dilatation, secretory electron density reduced or low electron density increased. Conclusion: Chronic alcoholism causes different degrees of ultrastructural changes in endocrine cells of the adenohypophysis in rats, which is the direct cause of endocrine disorders in rats.