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目的:观察脾气虚联合低分子肝素钠法构建脾不统血大鼠模型的变化特点以及影响。方法:采用随机数字表法将32只SD大鼠分为正常对照组、脾气虚组、低分子肝素钠组及脾不统血组,每组8只。脾气虚组及脾不统血组采用过度疲劳加饮食失节造模,正常对照组及低分子肝素钠组不予处理。造模初始,于造模第42天起,低分子肝素钠组与脾不统血组均按2000 U·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)给与低分子肝素钠皮下注射,连续30 d;脾气虚组及正常对照组给予等量生理盐水皮下注射。分别在造模初始、第42天、第72天检测所有大鼠的体质量、肛温、四肢温度(皮肤温度);通过代谢笼检测大鼠24 h的进食量、饮水量;便潜血试剂检测大鼠大便出血情况。于实验第73天处死各组大鼠,测定血常规、血流变及以凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)为主的凝血功能指数。结果:与正常对照组和低分子肝素钠组比较,脾不统血组大鼠体质量、体温、进食量、饮水量均明显降低(P<0.05),与脾气虚组比较,脾不统血组大鼠体质量、肛温有明显降低(P<0.05);脾不统血大鼠模型有明显的出血症状;红细胞(RBC)、血小板(PLT)、血红蛋白(HGB)指数与血液流变学指数均有显著性降低(P<0.05);PT、APTT凝血时间均显著延长(P<0.05)。结论:脾气虚联合低分子肝素钠法构建脾不统血大鼠模型表现出明显的脾气虚症状以及各种出血症状,表征易于观察,稳定性良好,造模成功。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the characteristics and effects of spleen Qi deficiency combined with low molecular weight heparin sodium in establishing a rat model of spleen failure. Methods: 32 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, spleen deficiency group, low molecular weight heparin group and spleen uncontrolled blood group, with 8 in each group. Spleen qi deficiency group and spleen uncontrolled blood group using excessive fatigue plus eating disorders model, normal control group and low molecular weight heparin group not to be treated. At the beginning of modeling, low molecular weight heparin sodium and low molecular weight heparin sodium were administered subcutaneously at a dose of 2000 U · kg -1 (-1) Continuous 30 d; spleen qi deficiency group and normal control group were given equal volume of saline subcutaneous injection. The body weight, rectal temperature and extremity temperature (skin temperature) of all the rats were measured at the initial stage, the 42nd day and the 72nd day respectively. The food intake and water intake of the rats were measured 24 h by metabolic cages. Rat stool bleeding situation. On the 73rd day of the experiment, rats in each group were sacrificed and blood routine, hemorrheological changes and coagulation index (PT) and prothrombin time (APTT) were measured. Results: Compared with normal control group and low molecular weight heparin sodium group, body weight, body temperature, food intake and water intake of rats in spleen uncontrolled blood group decreased significantly (P <0.05). Compared with spleen deficiency group, The body weight and rectal temperature in the rats were significantly decreased (P <0.05). The rats with spleen failure had obvious hemorrhagic symptoms. The numbers of red blood cells (RBC), platelets (PLT), hemoglobin (P <0.05). The clotting time of PT and APTT were significantly prolonged (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The splenic deficiency combined with low molecular weight heparin sodium method can induce spleen deficiency syndrome and various bleeding symptoms. The characterization is easy to observe, the stability is good and the model making is successful.