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[目的]针对宁夏枸杞蓟马危害严重而又缺乏安全可靠的环保型农药这一重大问题,筛选出防治枸杞蓟马的植物源药剂,并进行混用增效制剂的研究。[方法]植物源单体对花蓟马的毒力测定采用浸叶药膜法;根据共毒因子法和等效线法确定配方;制剂加工采用常规方法;田间药效试验参照国家标准进行,其中施药方法采用常量喷雾法。[结果]苦参碱和烟碱混用具有明显的增效作用,在有效成分含量为2∶1时,其共毒系数达166.21。结合对溶剂、乳化剂等助剂的筛选,研制出7.5%苦参碱·烟碱乳油,配方为苦参碱5.0%、烟碱2.5%、溶剂83.8%、乳化剂8.7%。质量检测结果表明该制剂各项指标均达到商品农药的要求。大田药效试验表明,该制剂在质量浓度为5 g/L时,常量喷雾,药后7 d对枸杞花蓟马的防效仍为84.57%。[结论]苦参碱和烟碱混用,具有显著的杀蓟马活性和增效作用,具有进一步开发潜力。
[Objective] In order to solve the serious problem of Ningxia wolfberry thrips which lacked the safe and reliable environment-friendly pesticides, the plant-source medicines for preventing and curing wolfberry thrips were screened out and the research on the synergistic agents was made. [Method] The virulence of plant-derived monomer on F. occidentalis was determined by the method of immersing leaf membrane. The prescription was determined by co-toxicity factor method and the equivalent line method. The preparation was processed by conventional methods. The field efficacy test was conducted with reference to national standards. The method of application of constant spray method. [Result] Matrine and nicotine had obvious synergistic effect. The co-toxicity coefficient reached 166.21 when the active ingredient content was 2:1. Combined with the screening of additives such as solvents and emulsifiers, 7.5% matrine and nicotine EC was developed. The formula was matrine 5.0%, nicotine 2.5%, solvent 83.8% and emulsifier 8.7%. Quality test results show that the indicators of the preparation have reached the requirements of commodity pesticides. Field experiments showed that the efficacy of this preparation was sprayed at a constant concentration of 5 g / L and the control effect on flower thrips was 84.57% after 7 days. [Conclusion] The combination of matrine and nicotine has significant activity of killing thrips and synergism, which has the potential for further development.