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2011年3月11日,日本太平洋东海岸发生Mw9.0级大地震,并引发巨大海啸,导致了日本东北和关东地区大面积的地基液化震害。通过现场震害调查和最新资料分析,首先较为系统地介绍了日本地震受灾区的液化宏观现象和典型震害特征。其次,研究了余震再液化和地震-海啸耦合灾害的破坏机制和特征,指出余震再液化受地震力大小、应力历史及超孔隙水压力消散程度的影响,并将地震和海啸耦合破坏过程分为3个阶段:震后液化阶段、间歇期恢复阶段、海啸流滑破坏阶段;最后,对此次强震中有关抗液化地基处理方法的有效性进行了分析与探讨,以期为今后的地基抗液化设计提供参考与借鉴。
On March 11, 2011, a Mw 9.0 earthquake hit the east coast of the Pacific Ocean in Japan and triggered a huge tsunami that caused a large area of liquefaction damage to the ground in northeastern and Kanto areas of Japan. Based on the field damage investigation and the latest data analysis, firstly, the liquefaction macroscopic phenomena and the typical earthquake damage characteristics of the earthquake-hit areas in Japan are systematically introduced. Secondly, the damage mechanism and characteristics of aftershock reliquefaction and earthquake-tsunami coupling disaster are studied. The aftershock reliquefaction is affected by the magnitude of earthquake force, the stress history and the dissipation of excess pore water pressure, and the coupling failure process of earthquake and tsunami is divided into Three stages: the post-earthquake liquefaction stage, the restocking stage and the tsunami-slippery-slip stage; finally, the effectiveness of the anti-liquefaction foundation treatment method in this strong earthquake is analyzed and discussed in order to provide a reference for future liquefaction-resistant design Provide reference and reference.