单倍体育种是近代国际上为了探索新的育种途径和方法而进行的研究课题。作为单倍体育种的主要手段是花药培养。它是六十年代中期才出现的,但它已迅速成为当代育种学和遗传学领域中富有生命力的新分支之一。我国于1970年开始进行单倍体育种的研究,目前已取得了显著成就,并在烟草,水稻等作物上育成性状优良的新品种。然而目前多数植物的诱导频率较低,致使单倍体花粉孢子体在遗传学及育种学上的应用受到一定障碍。就小麦而言,如何大幅度地提高锈导频率、简化培养技术,更完善的利用达一新方法于育种实践,是当前小麦单倍体育种必须解决的主要问题。 Haploid breeding is a research topic in modern times in order to explore new breeding ways and methods. As the main means of haploid breeding anther culture. It emerged only in the mid-1960s, but it has quickly become one of the new branches of life in the field of breeding and genetics. China started research on haploid breeding in 1970 and has made remarkable achievements so far. It has also developed new varieties with good traits on crops such as tobacco and rice. However, at present, the induction frequency of most plants is relatively low, resulting in some obstacles to the application of haploid pollen sporophytes in genetics and breeding. As far as wheat is concerned, how to greatly improve the frequency of rust guide, simplify culture techniques and make better use of a new method in breeding practice are the main problems that wheat haploid breeding must solve now.