随着围生医学的迅速发展和新生儿重症监护救治水平的提高,极低出生体重儿(very low birth weight,VLBW)的存活率逐年提高,但其并发症及生存质量日益受到关注.目前国内对于VLBW住院期间肠内营养管理存在开奶时机的选择不统一,普遍开奶晚,加奶速度无定论,达到全肠内营养时间偏长,母乳喂养中存在的问题未达到共识,评价营养状况及追赶生长利弊缺乏统一认识.该文就极低出生体重儿的肠内营养研究进展作一综述.“,”With the rapid development of perinatal medicine and the improvement of the level of neonatal intensive care,the survival rate of very low birth weight infants has increased in recent year,but its complications and quality of life have attracted more and more attention.At present,there are problems with inconsistency of the first feeding time,late on first feeding,inconsistent increase in milk rate and a long time to achieve total enteral nutrition in enteral nutrition management during hospitalization for very low birth weight infants.There is not any consensus about the problems in breastfeeding and evaluation of advantages and disadvantages on nutritional status and catch-up growth.This paper is to summerize the development of enteral nutrition in very low birth weight infants.