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目的了解上海市城区某社区2009年以来的婴儿喂养情况及存在的问题,并提出建议。方法对上海市城区某社区儿童保健系统中2009—2011年原始的儿童常规体检资料进行筛选,筛选出1 789名对象纳入研究,对纳入的儿童母乳喂养持续时间、断奶年龄、辅食添加时间以及辅食添加种类和数量进行分析。结果上海市城区某社区婴儿4、6个月纯母乳喂养率分别为33.0%和22.8%,平均断奶年龄为6.4个月;4月龄前已有61.3%的婴儿添加了辅食,添加辅食的种类较齐全,6月龄内添加3类辅食的婴儿达到54.3%,且6月龄和12月龄时加多类辅食的婴儿体重和身高均高于添加单一辅食的婴儿;但直到12月龄,奶类、谷类和蔬菜的日摄入量仍有52.7%、50.5%、57.9%的婴儿未达到营养学会妇幼分会提出的婴儿食物推荐量。结论该社区的4、6个月纯母乳喂养率低且断奶年龄早;辅食添加存在不合理现象,辅食添加过早、某些种类的辅食添加量过少。
Objective To understand the situation of infant feeding and some existing problems in a community in Shanghai urban area since 2009 and to make suggestions. Methods A total of 1 789 subjects screened from 2009 to 2011 in the health care system of a community in Shanghai city were enrolled in this study. The duration of breastfeeding, weaning age, complementary feeding time and supplementary food Add species and quantity for analysis. Results The exclusive breastfeeding rates of infants in a district of Shanghai City at 4 and 6 months were 33.0% and 22.8%, respectively, and the average weaning age was 6.4 months. Before the age of 4 months, 61.3% of infants had supplemented food supplements and supplements The percentage of infants who fed three types of complementary food at 6 months of age was 54.3%, and the weight and height of infants at 6 and 12 months of age were higher than that of infants fed single food supplement. However, until 12 months of age, The daily intakes of milk, cereals and vegetables are still 52.7%, 50.5%, 57.9% of infants do not reach the recommended food recommended by the Women’s and Children’s branch of Nutrition Society. Conclusion The 4 and 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding in this community were low and early weaning age. There was an irrational feeding of supplementary food, premature feeding of food supplement and too little addition of some kinds of supplementary food.