电荷耦合器件(简称 CCD)是七十年代初期发明的半导体图象传感器,它具有体积小,重量轻,结构简单可靠,寿命长,不需要高电压、高真空,线性好等优点,广泛应用于军事、航空、天文、工业测量、医学仪器、光学字符扫描器(OCR)、电视、家用电器及机器人的视觉系统等方面。CCD 在构造上可分面阵和线阵两大类型。国内面阵 CCD 尚属研制和试制阶段,线阵CCD 已有批量生产,性能接近国外同类产品的水平。本系统采用线阵 CCD 作为图象传感器,当然如果采用面阵更为方便一些。CCD 光学扫描——微机图形处理系统是用于采集文字、数字、字符和图形的设备,可用于文字识别、模式识别及图象信息处理,也可构成一个简易的 CAD 系统。该系统采用 CCD 读取外部设备的文本信息,改变 Charge Coupled Device (CCD) is a semiconductor image sensor invented in the early seventies. It has the advantages of small size, light weight, simple and reliable structure, long life, no need of high voltage, high vacuum and good linearity. It is widely used in Military, Aerospace, Astronomy, Industrial Surveying, Medical Instruments, Optical Character Scanners (OCRs), Televisions, Home Appliances and Robotics. CCD in the structure can be divided into two lines and matrix array. The domestic area array CCD is still under development and trial stage. The linear CCD has been mass-produced and its performance is close to the level of similar foreign products. The system uses a linear CCD as the image sensor, of course, if using a more convenient array. CCD optical scanning - computer graphics processing system is used to collect text, numbers, characters and graphics equipment, can be used for text recognition, pattern recognition and image information processing, but also constitute a simple CAD system. The system uses a CCD to read the text of the external device information, change