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目的：比较白内障术后2 h 开放点眼与术后第1天开放点眼对患者术眼角膜水肿和视力的影响。方法选取2011年4～12月于第三军医大学第二附属医院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶体植入术患者155例（240只眼）作为研究对象，随机分为早期开放点眼组和常规包盖组。早期开放点眼组（n＝120）术后在结膜囊内涂妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏后纱布包眼，2 h 后解除包盖，予妥布霉素地塞米松眼液点眼1次／小时至临睡前，睡前予以妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏涂眼。常规包盖组（n＝120）术后在结膜囊内涂妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏后纱布包眼，术后第1天晨解除纱布包盖。比较2组患者术后2 h 、术后第1天晨术眼角膜水肿情况及裸眼远视力情况。结果2组患者术后2 h 术眼视力及角膜水肿、异物感、畏光、疼痛的发生率，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；早期开放点眼组术后第1天晨角膜水肿程度、视力及视力提高3排以上百分比明显高于常规包盖组（χ2＝8．825，P＜0．05；t ＝3．751， P＜0．05；χ2＝19．509，P＜0．05）。2组患者均未出现感染，亦无切口裂开。结论术后2 h 开放点眼有利于减轻角膜水肿，术后第1天视力提高更理想。“,”Objective To compare the effect of eye dropping at 2 h and on 1 d after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation on patient′s corneal edema and visual acuity .Methods 155 cases(240 eyes) undergoing phacoemul‐sification and IOL implantation in our hospital from April to December 2011 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the early eye dropping group and the conventional cover group .The early eye dropping group(n= 120) conducted the gauze covering eye after smearing Tobramycin and Dexamethasone Ophthalmic Oint‐ment inside the conjunctival sac .After 2 h ,the cover was relieved and the eye dropping of Tobramycin and Dexam‐ethasone Eye Drop was given ,once per hour until sleep .Smearing eye by Tobramycin and Dexamethasone Ophthalmic Ointment was performed before sleep .The conventional cover group conducted the gauze covering eye after smearing Tobramycin and Dexamethasone Ophthalmic Ointment .In the morning of postoperative 1 d ,the gauze cover was re‐lieved .Then the corneal edema condition and visual acuity were recorded and analyzed at postoperative 2 h ,in the morning of postoperative 1 d .Results The visual acuity and the occurrence rates of corneal edema ,foreign body sen‐sation ,photophobia and pain at postoperative 2 h had no statistical differences between the two groups(P> 0 .05) ;the corneal edema degree ,visual acuity and percentage of visual acuity over 3 row in the morning of postoperative 1 d in the early eye dropping group were significantly higher than those in the conventional cover group(χ2 = 8 .825 ,P <0 .05 ,t= 3 .751 ,P < 0 .05 ,χ2 = 19 .509 ,P < 0 .05) .No endophthalmitis and incision rupture were observed in both groups .Conclusion Eye dropping at postoperative 2 h conduces to alleviate corneal edema .The visual acuity increase on postoperative 1 d is more ideal .