癌的外科治疗的理想要求,是在安全和根治的前提下,保持手术前的机能。因此,对直肠癌手术方式的选择,首先是保留直肠肛门的全面切除,但这方法只适应于壶腹以上的癌、淋巴轻度转移的患者。对膨大部以下的浸润型、淋巴结转移阳性患者,则Miles式具有安全和根治的优越性。但它有木中出血,会阴创面愈合期长,膀胱机能障碍等缺点。故Papaioannou在:(1) 游离直肠前,于两侧髂内动脉的起始 The ideal requirement for the surgical treatment of cancer is to maintain the preoperative function on the premise of safety and cure. Therefore, the choice of surgery for rectal cancer, the first is to retain a comprehensive resection of the rectum and anus, but this method is only adapted to cancer above the ampulla, lymphatic metastases in patients. For patients with infiltrative and lymph node metastasis below the inflated area, the Miles type has the advantages of safety and radical cure. However, it has the disadvantages of bleeding in the wood, long healing time of the perineal wound, dysfunction of the bladder, and the like. So Papaioannou is: (1) Before the free rectum, at the beginning of both internal iliac arteries