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蚀变岩是成矿带具有特殊空间结构和矿物成分的一种地质单元，在遥感图像上构成了空间识别信息和光谱识别信息。分别论述了基于蚀变岩空间结构信息的图像检测方法和基于蚀变岩特征谱带的光谱信息提取方法。重点论述了最优波段组合、波段比值和双重主成分分析等应用方法，并介绍了蚀变岩遥感填图的基本工作程序。
Alteration rock is a geological unit of metallogenic belt with special spatial structure and mineral composition, and forms the spatial identification information and the spectral identification information on the remote sensing image. The methods of image detection based on the alteration rock spatial structure information and the spectral information extraction method based on the altered rocks’ characteristic bands are respectively discussed. The application methods of optimal band combination, band ratio and dual principal component analysis are emphatically discussed. The basic working procedure of alteration rock remote sensing mapping is introduced.