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目的:了解我院抗菌药不良反应/事件(ADR/ADE)发生的一般规律及特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:对我院2005年1月～2009年12月收集的407例抗菌药引起的ADR/ADE报告表进行统计分析。结果:407例ADR/ADE报告中,ADR 362例(88.94%),ADE 45例(11.06%),涉及抗菌药36个品种,其中以头孢菌素类构成比最高(41.28%),其次为青霉素类(21.87%)和喹诺酮类(14.50%);ADR/ADE的临床表现主要为皮肤及附件损害(63.49%);构成比前5位药品为左氧氟沙星,头孢噻肟,克林霉素,阿奇霉素,阿洛西林;严重ADR/ADE构成比为4.42%,无死亡病例。结论:抗菌药引发ADR/ADE与多种因素有关,应加强抗菌药的合理使用,提高医护人员对ADR/ADE的警惕性与监测水平,以保证用药安全性与合理性。
Objective: To understand the general rules and characteristics of ADR / ADE in our hospital and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods: A total of 407 ADR / ADE reports were collected from January 2005 to December 2009 in our hospital for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 407 ADR / ADE reports, 362 (88.94%) were ADRs and 45 (11.06%) were ADEs, involving 36 antibacterials with the highest constituent ratio of cephalosporins (41.28%), followed by penicillin (21.87%) and quinolones (14.50%). The main clinical manifestations of ADR / ADE were skin and accessory lesions (63.49%); the top 5 drugs were levofloxacin, cefotaxime, clindamycin, azithromycin, Azlocillin; serious ADR / ADE constitutional ratio was 4.42%, no deaths. Conclusion: Antibacterial drug induced ADR / ADE is related to many factors. It is necessary to strengthen the rational use of antimicrobial agents and increase the vigilance and monitoring of ADR / ADE by medical staff to ensure the safety and rationality of drug use.