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运用交易成本经济学和交易成本政治学理论来考察政策活动的交易性质和政策工具的治理特征,可以发现政策活动某种程度上也是一种交易,这种交易都可以从合同的角度来考察。政府与公众之间的关系可以视为一种当事人关系,政府通过政策解决公共问题与当事人达成交易,政策成为解决公共问题的合同。交易性政策工具蕴含互惠、契约、治理和节约的理念,结合时代特征,政策工具选择和创新的核心问题在于节省交易成本,推动政策工具创新走向经验解释、勃兴交易型政策工具、调整公共交易型政策工具、巧用混合交易型政策工具等政策工具创新。
Using transactional cost economics and transactional cost political theory to examine the nature of the transactional nature of policy activities and the governance characteristics of policy instruments, it can be seen that the policy activity is, to some extent, also a transaction that can be examined from a contractual perspective. The relationship between the government and the public can be seen as a relationship between the parties, the government through the policy to solve public issues and parties to reach a deal, the policy has become a public service contract. Transactional policy instruments contain the concept of reciprocity, contract, governance and economy. The key issues in combination with the characteristics of the times and the selection and innovation of policy instruments lie in saving transaction costs, promoting the innovation of policy instruments to experiential explanations, booming trading-type policy instruments and adjusting public transaction types Policy tools, clever use of mixed transaction-based policy tools and other policy tools innovation.